Method of securing rubber to metal and product thereof



' gether ents, such as sulphur,

" ever, unions so that by incorporating into the latex-haemono tanningagent.

.It is permitted to Patented Jan. 12, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICECLARENCE M. G ARSON, OF AKRON, OHIO, .ASSIGNOR TO THE GOODYEAR TIRE &RUBBER COMPANY, OF AKRON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO METHOD OF SECURINGRUBBER TO METAL AND PRODUCT THEREOF No Drawing. Application filedFebruary 23, 1929. Serial No. 342,310.

This invention relates to the securing of Although the proportions ofthe various rubber to metal, and it has particular rela- "ingredientsemployed in the cement may be tion to a method of securing rubber tometal varied within relatively wide limits, the folby means of a cementconsisting essentially lowing is a specific example of a compound oflatex and haemoglobin. I whose use insures highlysatlsfactory results:

. The object of the invention is to provide a Haemoglobin 100 grams.strong, permanent union between rubber and Water 300 cc metallicsurfaces, which is not affected by sul j'* 45 grams heat or by theaction of moisture or. other g a; 7' grams solyents. f??? Heretofore, ithas been proposed to cement -32%: 57 g c rubber to metal by means of amaterial consisting essentially of latex and haemoglobin (a materialobtained from clotted blood), together with certain vulcanizationingredizinc oxide'and organicaccelerators. By employment of this method,fairly strong and permanent unions yvere obtained between the twomaterials. Howprepared, upon being exposed to water or water vapor, werequickly impaired and permitted separation of the rubber from the metal.

This invention consists in the discovery Formaldehyde concentration)- 10cc.

pared obviously functions as a vulcanization agent; 'Thediphenylguanidine is employed as an accelerator of vulcanization. treadily be understood thatany other convenient accelerator, such asmercaptobenzothiazole or thiocarbanilide, may be substituted therefor.The formaldehyde constitutes a haemoglobin v and render it impervious tomoisture. Other tanning agents, for example potassium dichromate orpotassium ferro cyanide or aluminum sulfate, may be substi tutedtherefor. t.

Unions obtained by'employment of the cemerit described are so strong anddurable that, when subjected to the test of cutting the rubher until themetal is ing the rubber away from the metal by means of pliers or otherconvenient tools, the rubber will tear outside of the union, leaving thelatter intact.

The newcements thermoplastic and do tures' to which rubbe goods areordinarily exposed. 0 Unions pre ared by this method may be subjected'tot e action of moisture without appreciable impairment of the strengththereof. This is in direct contrast to v the unions obtained fromlatex-haemoglobin cements containing no tanning agent. ,The' latter uponbeingsubjected to the action of water are-so weakened that the rubbermay be readily stripped from the metal globin mixture a tanning agentfor the haemoglobin, e. g. formaldehyde, a cement is obtained which,when used for bonding rubber to metal, produces unions which are notappreciably affected bymoisture. Also, such unions are more strong anddurable under normal conditions than those heretofore obtained fromlatex and haemoglobin 'conta'uiing In practicing the invention, a'cement consisting essentially'of haemoglobin, latex anda tanning agent,such asformaldehyde, towith sulphur and a vulcanization accelerator,'isspread in a relativelythick coating upon a freshly cleaned metallicsurface. dry for approximatelyone. half hour at C. and then for one andonehalf or two hours at 120 C. in order thoroughly to dry and to baket-hematerial', The freshly dried surface is permitted to cool, isroughened with'a wire brush, and athoroug'h 1n the manufacture of solidtires, wringer rolls, etcf, is'applied to the surface'jand is curedaccording to known methods. of force.

The sulphur employed in the cement so pretanning agent which tends toharden the without the exertionof any great amount I will u exposed andthen tearare substantially nonnot soften at temperacomprising latex,

Although I have described only the preferred embodiments of theinvention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that it isnot so limited, but that various modifications may be made thereinwithout departing from the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A method of securing rubber tov metal which comprises coating asurface of one of the materials to be secured with a cement haemoglobin,sulphur and a tanning agent, bringing the coated surface into contactwith a surface of the other material, and vulcanizing the rubber.

2. A method of securing rubber to metal which comprises coating asurface of one of the materials to be secured with a cement comprisinglatex, haemoglobin, sulphur and formaldehyde, bringing the coatedsurface into contact with a surface of the other material andvulcanizing the rubber.

3. A method of securing rubber to metal which comprises cementing therubber and the metal together by means of a material comprising latex,haemoglobin, sulphur and formaldehyde, and subjecting the whole tovulcanization.

4. A'method of securing rubber to metal which comprises cementing therubber and the metal together by means of a non-thermoplastic cementcomprising latex, haemoglobin, sulphur, an accelerator of vulcanizationand a tanning agent.

5. A method of securing rubber to metal whichcom'prises cementing therubber and the metal'together by means of acement comprising latex,haemoglobin, sulphur, an accelerator of vulcanization and formaldehyde.

6. A method of securing rubber to metal which comprises cementing therubber and the metal together by means of a cement comprising latex,haemoglobin, sulphur, an accelerator of vulcanization and formaldehyde,and subjecting the whole to vulcanization.

7 A method of securing rubber to metal which comprises coating a surfaceof one of the materials to be secured by means of a cement comprisinglatex, haemoglobin, sulphur, an accelerator of vulcanization and atanning agent, thoroughly drying and baking the cement, bringing thecoated surface into contact with a surface of the other material, andsub]ecting the whole to vulcanization. 8. A method of securing rubber tometal which comprises coating a surface of one of the bodies to besecured by means of a cement comprising latex, haemoglobin, sulphur, anaccelerator of vulcanization and formaldehyde, drying the cement at atemperature of approximately 120 C. for a period of at least one andone-half hours, bringing the surfaces that are to be secured intocontact with each other, and subjecting the whole to vulcanization.

from the spirit of the invention or 9. A composite body comprising alayer of rubber and a layer of metal, the two being cemented together bymeans of a layer of a material comprising haemoglobin, latex andformaldehyde. I

10. A composite body comprising a layer of rubber and a layer of metal,the two being cemented together by means of a layer of non-thermoplasticmaterial comprising1 haemoglobin, latex, sulphur and formalde yde.

11. A composite bod comprising a layer of rubber and a layer 0 metal,the two belng cemented together by means of a layer of a together bymeans of

